General Summary
- Probiotics protect the colon by competitively excluding putrefactive bacteria and creating an environment that inhibits toxin-producing microorganisms.[1][3].
- Forming a biofilm, they reduce absorption and increase excretion of toxins (ammonia, indole, etc.) [2][4].
- Numerous experimental and clinical studies demonstrate their efficacy with specific strains (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium)[1][2][3][4].
1. Inhibition of Putrefactive Bacteria, Reduction of Toxin Production
Reference: "Potential Ability of Probiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Diseases" – Zhao J. et al., Frontiers in Microbiology, 2023 [1]
Probiotic strains (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) reduce the growth of putrefactive bacteria in the colon through mechanisms such as nutritional competition, pH modification, secretion of organic acids, and antimicrobial agents. Specifically, probiotics limit bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens and toxin-producing microorganisms (ammonia, indole, phenol) resulting from protein metabolism, thereby reducing the risk of toxin production and damage to the intestinal mucosa.
2. Formation of Biological Barriers, Reduction of Toxin Absorption
Reference: "Probiotic cultures as a potential protective strategy against the toxicity of environmentally relevant chemicals: State-of-the-art knowledge – A review" –
K. Baralić et al., Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2023 [2].
Probiotics can form a biofilm that protects the intestinal mucosa, neutralizes and reduces absorption of toxins generated from protein putrefaction under the effect of harmful bacteria. Strains such as L. rhamnosus GG, B. breve can bind to or metabolize toxins in the colon, promoting the excretion of harmful substances.
3. Competitive Exclusion of Toxin-Producing Bacteria
Reference: "Alterations in fecal microbiota composition by probiotic supplementation in healthy adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials" – Kristensen NB. et al., British Journal of Nutrition, 2016 [3].
Clinical studies show that supplementation with probiotics decreases the proportion of toxin-producing proteolytic bacteria, aids in the exclusion of putrefactive bacteria, and reduces the accumulation of ammonia, phenol in the intestine.
4. Probiotics Reduce Absorption and Increase Excretion of Harmful Substances
Reference: "Probiotics as a biological detoxification tool of food contaminants" – Średnicka P. et al., Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2021[4].
Reviews demonstrate that probiotics aid in detoxification, increasing the excretion of metabolites from protein metabolism, particularly with Lactobacillus strains. Probiotics also assist in binding and neutralizing toxins such as aflatoxin M1, preventing the absorption of harmful substances from the intestine into circulation.
REFERENCES DEEPLY ANALYZED IN THIS DOCUMENT
1. Zhao J. et al. (2023). "Potential Ability of Probiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Diseases." Frontiers in Microbiology, 16/08/2023. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10437046
(Link 3 bản 1-VV)
2. Baralić K. et al. (2023). "Probiotic cultures as a potential protective strategy against the toxicity of environmentally relevant chemicals: State-of-the-art knowledge---A review." Food and Chemical Toxicology. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278691522007803
(Link 4 bản 1-VV)
3. Kristensen NB. et al. (2016). "Alterations in fecal microbiota composition by probiotic supplementation in healthy adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials." British Journal of Nutrition, 116(11). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27159972/
(Link 6 bản 1-VV)
4. Średnicka P. et al. (2021). "Probiotics as a biological detoxification tool of food contaminants." Food and Chemical Toxicology. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278691521003392
(Link 7 bản 1-VV)
OTHER REFERENCES
5. Mafe AN. et al. (2025). "A review on probiotics and dietary bioactives: Insights on metabolic well-being, gut microbiota, and inflammatory responses." – Food Chemistry Advance. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772753X25000358
(Link 8 bản 1-VV)
6. Yang R. et al. (2025). "Evaluation of the efficacy of probiotics in the chemoradiotherapy of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." – Medicine (Baltimore), Apr 2025. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12042389/
7. Xie Q. et al. (2025). "Unlocking the power of probiotics, postbiotics: targeting apoptosis for the treatment and prevention of digestive diseases." Frontiers in Nutrition, Mar 2025. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1570268/full
8. Sun W. et al. (2025). "Advances in research on the intestinal microbiota and colorectal cancer." Molecular Medicine Reports, Apr 2025. https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2025.13498
9. Chen F. et al. (2024). "Effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CCFM8661 on serum metabolites and gut microbiota in a lead-exposed population." – International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0141813024006184